Monoclonal Antibodies

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY PRODUCTION FROM HYBRIDOMAS USING HOLLOW FIBER BIOREACTORS

The FiberCell Systems cartridge shown with tubing.

THE HYBRIDOMA Invention

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984 was awarded jointly to Niels K. Jerne, Georges J.F. Köhler and César Milstein for “the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies.”

Milstein’s invention of hybridoma technology not only revolutionized the utility of antibodies by allowing the generation and production of a single antibody with a single specificity from a single clone, it also allowed monoclonal antibodies to be produced in-vitro, instead of requiring an animal host. Today, monoclonal antibodies continue to be at the cutting edge of medical research, as scientists discover new uses for them in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Click here to read more.

Shown in photo: Hybridoma cells growing at high density in the C2011 cartridge using CDM-HD medium

HFBRs: THE IDEAL SYSTEM FOR MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES PRODUCTION FROM HYBRIDOMAS

When you fuse a B cell with a cancer cell to generate a hybridoma, you create a cell that inhibits its own growth. One of the ways that cancer cells locally immune suppress is by secreting a factor called TGFβ, which inhibits the growth and activity of B cells. By removing TGFβ while retaining IgG, you can greatly enhance the production of monoclonal antibodies in cell culture.

Based on this principle, HFBRs are the ideal system for the production of monoclonal antibodies from hybridoma cell lines as they allow TGFβ to diffuse away from the cells, while concentrating the antibody to high levels inside the hollow fiber bioreactor itself.

MOLECULAR WEIGHT CUT-OFF (MWCO) INFLUENCE ON CELL CONCENTRATION

The ability to control fiber molecular weight cut-off allows for the retention of higher concentrations of the desired products, controls cytokine effects, and facilitates the selective removal of inhibitory TGFβ. Hybridomas secrete an inhibitory factor called TGFβ, that in its active form, has a molecular weight of 27kD. If you remove the TGFβ while retaining the IgG, you can greatly enhance the production of monoclonal antibodies in cell culture. The MWCO of hollow fibers permits this inhibitory cytokine to diffuse away while the secreted antibody and cells remain in the small volume of the extra-capillary space.

The gross filtration rate of the polysulfone fiber is ten times higher than that of cellulosic fibers for more rapid exchange of nutrients and waste products. Cell densities of 108 or higher are attained by facilitating the reduction of serum, adapting to commercially available serum-free formulations and using FiberCell Systems’ CDM-HD.

Infographic on the passing of TGFβ through the hollow fiber while retaining the IgG in the ECS of the cartridge.

CDM-HD serum replacement bottle

HFBRs are an effective method for producing milligram to gram quantities of monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins. The harvested product is concentrated and free of contaminating proteins, DNA, RNA, and proteases. The use of CDM-HD renders the medium used, economical, chemically defined, and protein-free. Cultures can be maintained for long periods of time, and scalability of the system is determined by length of culture, not new equipment.

Learn more about FiberCell’s CDM-HD serum replacement for use with monoclonal antibodies here.

Here’s a gel graphic that shows the result of continuous monoclonal antibody production for over 6 months paired with CDM-HD serum.

  • TGF Beta diffuses out – mAb trapped in ECS
  • Easily adapt to SFM/CDM-HD
  • Lower endotoxin
  • .5 to 5 mg/mL conc.
  • Continuous production for over 6 months

Data courtesy of: Dr. Erin Bromage c/o the US Veterinary Immune Reagents Network

Culture conditions (in-vivo) can dramatically impact protein quality

The production of secreted products (e.g., recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies) from mammalian cells is generally performed in the laboratory using standard flask, roller, or spinner culture. In conventional culture systems, cells are adapted to nonphysiologic low-density plastic-bound 2D or suspension-culture conditions. This adaptation can affect the quality and purity of the antibody or protein produced. The HFBR is a high-density, continuous perfusion culture system that can maintain post-confluent cell viability for extended periods of time.

Reduced apoptosis in cells

Increased in-vivo like growth conditions and lack of shear within a HFBR will result in significantly reduced apoptosis. Rather, the majority of cells become necrotic and do not release cytoplasmic proteins, lysozymes, or DNA into the culture medium, resulting in a product that is cleaner and easier to purify from the bulk harvest.

HFBRs for in vitro production of 25 mg on up to gram quantities of a monoclonal antibody

A technologically advanced high-gross-filtration rate hydrophilic polysulfone fiber with a molecular weight cut off (MWCO) of 20 kD is specified. Hybridomas secrete an inhibitory factor called TGF-Beta that in its active form has a molecular weight of 27 kD. The MWCO of the hollow fibers permits this inhibitory cytokine to diffuse away while the secreted antibody and cells remain in the small volume of the extra-capillary space.

The gross filtration rate of the polysulfone fiber is 10X higher than that of cellulosic fibers for more rapid exchange of nutrients and waste products. Cell densities of 108 or higher are attained facilitating the reduction of serum, the adaptation to commercially available serum free formulations and the use of FiberCell Systems’ CDM-HD.

Production of multiple gram amounts of a monoclonal antibody easily attained using FiberCell C5011 cartridge

IL 15 receptor complex is co-expressed on the same gene. Expression of IL15 complexed with it’s receptor results in a therapeutic protein with extended serum half-life. However, it is very difficult to express as it is 45% glycosylated, and held together solely by receptor-ligand interaction. This complex, difficult to express protein is efficiently produced in the hollow fiber bioreactor where other methods failed.

Find out more our cell cartridges here.

Suggested Ordering For Monoclonal Antibody Cell Culture:
Bioreactor
P3202 The FiberCell® Systems Duet more info
Cartidges
Catalog No. Size Surface Area Fiber Type Packing Density ECS Vol MWCO 50% Max. Cell#
C5011 Medium 4000 cm2 high flux PS 50% 20 mL 20 kD 2 x 109 more info
Reservoir Caps
A1005 33 mm Reservoir Cap more info
A1006 38 mm Reservoir Cap more info
A1008 45 mm Reservoir Cap more info
Serum Replacement
CDM-HD more info

Click here for our US list pricing for 2023. We offer tiered discounted pricing for quantity purchases of our products, 10-25 units, 25+ units, and 50+ units. Please enquire for details. We recommend the most appropriate products for your applications so please feel free to email or phone us to discuss your application and provide you with a quote at info@fibercellsystems.com, 301-471-1269, 240-440-2662. We can accept credit cards and purchase orders from accredited institutions.

1. Higher concentration yield achieved using bioreacter with CDM-HD

Unpurified harvested supernatant showing high concentration of secreted monoclonal antibody produced using CDM-HD, as compared to using the more expensive FBS. See results here

2. SDS-page analysis of RAB M5114 supernatant

Clean harvests that are free from extraneous proteins were achieved using the FiberCell C2011 20 kD MWCO polysulfone fiber cartridge and DMEM with 10% CDM-HD medium. See results here

3. Direct comparison of C2011 fibercell cartridge and 20 liter wave™ bag

A direct comparison between a Wave bioreactor bag, standard T175 tissue culture flasks and a medium-sized FiberCell Systems C2011 hollow fiber bioreactor cartridge. See results here

4. C5011 cartridge specifically optimized for monoclonal antibody production

The C5011 is the same cartridge as the C2011 but with more than twice the oxygenation capacity and larger pump tubing for high flow rate. See results here

WE ARE HERE TO HELP

For detailed information on producing monoclonal antibiodies using HFBRs in your laboratory, contact us or request for a quote.